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Ð110€(k)(4)).€€In€identifying€a€specific€date€by€which€it€will€meet€the€commitment,€the€state€shouldÐ \$¬" Ðselect€the€most€expeditious€time€frame€for€completing€the€action.€€For€additional€information€onÐ H%˜ # Ðconditional€approvals€and€associated€commitments,€see€EPAððs€memo€dated€July€9,€1992,Ð 4&„!$ ÐòòProcessing€of€State€Implementation€Plan€(SIP)€Submittalsóó€at€www.epa.gov/ttnn01/gen/memo„s.Ð  'p"% ÐÌà  àAs€provided€in€the€CAA,€EPA€shall€treat€a€conditional€approval€as€a€disapproval€if€theÐ ø(H$' Ðstate€fails€to€comply€with€the€commitment€by€the€date€identified€by€the€State€in€its€submission.€Ð ä)4%( ÐEPA€assumes€that€where€commitments€are€not€fulfilled€and€the€conditional€approval€thereforeÐ Ð* &) Ðconverts€to€a€disapproval,€a€state€will€then€need€to€comply€with€Section€308€of€the€Regional€HazeÐ ¼+ '* ÐRule.€€Under€no€circumstances€can€EPA€use€conditional€approvals€to€postpone€SIP€deadlines€norÐ ¨,ø'+ Ðcan€a€commitment€significantly€undermine€the€overall€integrity€of€the€regional€haze€program.Ð ”-ä(, ÐÐ €.Ð)- Ðà  àAlternatively,€in€very€limited€circumstances,€EPA€has€fully€approved€SIPs€based,€in€part,Ð ° Ðon€enforceable€commitments.€€Please€note,€however,€that€EPA's€use€of€enforceable€commitmentsÐ œì Ðis€under€legal€challenge€in€two€courts.€€In€the€submittal,€the€state€must€explain€and€EPA€mustÐ ˆØ Ðexamine€why€the€circumstances€warrant€consideration€of€an€enforceable€commitment€for€a€futureÐ tÄ Ðaction€rather€than€completion€of€the€full€obligation€by€the€statutory€or€regulatory€date.€€TheÐ `° Ðexplanation€should€focus€on€the€unique€circumstances€that€prevented€the€state€from€completingÐ L œ Ðall€actions€on€time,€and€should€include€reasons€beyond€the€mere€failure€to€begin€the€statutory€orÐ 8 ˆ Ðregulatory€process€in€a€timely€manner.€€If€EPA€determines€that€the€circumstances€warrant€theÐ $ t Ðconsideration€of€an€enforceable€commitment,€EPA€will€consider€three€factors€in€determiningÐ  ` Ðwhether€the€commitment€is€acceptable.€€The€commitment€must€be€limited€in€scope,€the€state€mustÐ ü L  Ðbe€capable€of€fulfilling€the€commitment,€and€the€commitment€must€be€for€a€reasonable€andÐ è 8  Ðappropriate€period€of€time.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àGiven€the€exceptional€nature€of€the€use€of€commitments,€EPA€requests€that€each€stateÐ ¬ü  Ðprovide€advance€notice€to€EPA€if€the€state€intends€to€submit€a€SIP€that€relies€on€commitments.€Ð ˜è  ÐEPA€prefers€to€work€with€a€state€as€early€as€possible€to€determine€whether€we€can€consider€aÐ „Ô  Ðcommitment€as€part€of€the€state's€submittal.Ð pÀ ÐÌÌ2.€€òòCOORDINATIONóóòòÐ 4„ ÐÌWRAP€Question:Ð  \ ÐóóÌà  àHow€does€EPA€intend€to€provide€essential€close€coordination,€including:€Ð ä4 ÐÌÓ€ /"#$+,-.(“Ix3!ÓÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ý€€€€€Ý‚3£@ÝÔ2“IÔððÔ3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝFeedback€on€drafts€of€the€model€SIP/TIP€(expected€through€EPA€participation€on€theÐ ¼  ÐSTIP€II€workgroup);݃3£@r݌Шø(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ý€€€€€Ý‚3£uÝÔ2“IÔððÔ3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝFeedback€on€the€technical€support€documentation,€including€informing€states€and€tribesÐ ”ä Ðof€any€additional€technical€work€needed€for€their€individual€SIPs€and€TIPs;€and݃3£u§ÝŒÐ€Ð(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ý€€€€€Ý‚3£êÝÔ2“IÔððÔ3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝProvide€consistent€criteria€across€the€EPA€regions€for€review€and€approval€of€RegionalÐ l¼ ÐHaze€SIPs€and€TIPs?݃3£êÝŒÐX ¨(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àStates€and€tribes€have€expressed€broad€concerns€about€EPAððs€SIP€and€TIP€review€policyÐ 0"€  Ðin€general.€€Interregional€consistency„of„review€as€part€of€the€overall€coordination€of€regionalÐ #l! Ðhaze€requirements€is€of€particular€concern,€because€of€the€regional€nature€of€regional€haze€SIPsÐ $X" Ðand€TIPs.€This€issue€as€it€relates€to€the€309€SIPs€should€be€addressed€through€STIP€II.€Ð ô$D # ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ Ì&"% ÐÌà  àThe€enclosed€draft€EPA€protocolòò€óódescribes€our€collaborative€approach€to€review€and€takeÐ ¤(ô#' Ðaction€on€the€309€SIPs.€€In€regard€to€the€three€questions,€EPA€representatives€from€the€westernÐ )à$( Ðregional€offices€and€headquarters€continue€to€participate€on€almost€all€the€WRAP€committeesÐ |*Ì%) Ðand€forums€including€the€new€STIP€II€Work€Group.€€We€are€already€reviewing€the€technicalÐ h+¸&* Ðsupport€documentation€and€will€provide€feedback€to€the€Technical€Oversight€Committee.€€EPA€isÐ T,¤'+ Ðdeveloping€a€checklist€for€reviewing€the€309€SIPs€which,€along€with€ongoing€coordination,€willÐ @-(, Ðprovide€regional€offices€with€a€tool€to€ensure€consistency€in€our€respective€reviews.Ð ,.|)- Їò òGROUP€2:€€€Questions€related€to€309€and€308ó óÐ ° ÐÌ3.€€òòCONSOLIDATED€GUIDANCE€óóÐ ˆØ ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ `° ÐÌà  àStates€are€required€to€establish€reasonable€progress€goals,€taking€into€consideration€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðstatutory€factors€contained€in€the€Clean€Air€Act€and€reiterated€in€the€regional€haze€rule.€€EPA€hasÐ $ t Ðindicated€that€applicable€guidance€exists€on€how€to€assess€these€factors.€€We€suggest€EPAÐ  ` Ðprovide€a€list€of€all€applicable€guidance,€along€with€information€on€plans€to€develop€anyÐ ü L  Ðadditional€guidance€in€the€future.Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àIt€is€important€that€states€and€tribes€have€ready€access€to€all€guidance€as€regional€hazeÐ À  ÐSIPs€and€TIPs€are€being€developed.€€It€may€be€possible€to€combine€this€request€with€the€need€toÐ ¬ü  Ðhave€a€ð ðdocketðð€or€a€ready€reference€of€questions€and€answers€related€to€regional€hazeÐ ˜è  Ðrequirements.€Ð „Ô  ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ \¬ ÐÌà  àEPA€interprets€this€question€as€relating€to€the€requirements€of€ðð308(d)(1)(i)(A)€of€theÐ 4„ Ðregional€haze€rule.€€This€paragraph€requires€states€to€consider€the€costs€of€compliance,€the€timeÐ  p Ðnecessary€for€compliance,€the€energy€and€non„air€quality€environmental€impacts€of€compliance,Ð  \ Ðand€the€remaining€useful€life€of€any€potentially€affected€sources.€€€€€Ð øH ÐÌà  àEPA€intends€to€provide€further€guidance€on€these€reasonable€progress€factors€over€theÐ Ð  Ðnext€two€years,€consistent€with€the€schedule€for€updating€the€regional€haze€rule.€€While€there€isÐ ¼  Ðno€guidance€document€that€specifically€addresses€these€factors€in€the€context€of€regional€haze,Ð ¨ø Ðthese€types€of€factors€have€long€been€considered€in€EPA€and€state€air€quality€programs,€and€thereÐ ”ä Ðare€documents€and€examples€illustrating€these€types€of€analyses.€€€For€example:Ð €Ð ÐÌà0  àòòCosts:óó€€EPA€has€developed€a€control€cost€manual€for€use€in€calculating€costs€of€manyÐ X ¨ Ðtypes€of€control€devices€for€reducing€stationary€source€emissions.€€€This€manual€is€usedÐ D!” Ðfor€EPA€emission€standards€development€efforts€and€would€be€applicable€to€developmentÐ 0"€  Ðof€visibility€strategies.€Ð#l!(#(# ÐÌà0  àòòTime€necessary€for€compliance:óó€€Given€the€long„term€nature€of€the€regional€hazeÐ ô$D # Ðstrategies€(covering€the€time€period€up€to€the€year€2018),€a€central€question€in€addressingÐ à%0!$ Ðthis€factor€is€whether€a€given€measure€could€be€implemented€within€this€time€period.€€€€ÐÌ&"%(#(# ÐÌà0  àòòEnergy€and€non„air€quality€environmental€impacts€of€compliance:óó€€Many€examples€existÐ ¤(ô#' Ðfor€analysis€of€energy€and€non„air€quality€impacts€of€regulations€and€control€measures.€€€Ð )à$( ÐBackground€information€documents€for€maximum€achievable€control€technologyÐ |*Ì%) Ð(MACT)€standards€contain€a€chapter€describing€how€these€impacts€were€determined€for€aÐ h+¸&* Ðparticular€standard.€€These€impacts€also€are€described€in€EPA's€draft€òòNew€Source€ReviewÐ T,¤'+ ÐWorkbook€Manualóó.€€EPA€believes€that€we€will€probably€need€to€supplement€theseÐ@-(,(#(# ÐÐ ,.|)- Ðà0  àexisting€examples€and€guidelines€by€describing€the€types€of€ð ðbeneficialðð€non„air€qualityÐ ° Ðenvironmental€impacts€that€should€be€considered€such€as€deposition€to€sensitive€areas.€€€€Ðœì(#(# ÐÌà0  àòòRemaining€useful€life:óó€€EPA€discussed€this€issue€in€our€July€2001€proposal€for€bestÐ tÄ Ðavailable€retrofit€technology€(BART)€guidelines.€€In€relation€to€"reasonable€progress,"€theÐ `° Ðremaining€useful€life€is€essentially€an€integral€part€of€the€cost€analysis,€and€will€affect€theÐ L œ Ðcost€calculations€only€if€the€remaining€useful€life€is€determined€to€be€less€than€the€timeÐ 8 ˆ Ðperiod€for€amortizing€costs.€€Where€the€remaining€useful€life€for€a€particular€sourceÐ $ t Ðrepresents€a€relatively€short€time€period€that€affects€the€degree€of€control€required€in€theÐ  ` ÐSIP,€guidelines€are€likely€to€require€that€the€time€period€assumption€be€supported€by€aÐ ü L  ÐFederally€enforceable€requirement.€€€€€Ðè 8 (#(# ÐÌÌ4.€€òòTIME€LINE€TO€ADDRESS€OTHER€CLASS€I€AREAS€IN€309€SIPs€AND€TIPs€òòóóóóÐ ¬ü  ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ „Ô  ÐÌà  àOur€understanding€of€the€RHR€is€that€for€states€that€submit€section€309€SIPs€in€2003€andÐ \¬ Ðthat€commit€to€address€other€Class€I€areas€under€309(g),€the€SIP€deadline€for€all€other€applicableÐ H˜ ÐClass€I€areas€will€be€2008.€€Does€EPA€concur€with€this€interpretation€of€the€rule?€€What,€if€anyÐ 4„ Ðeffect€does€òòAmerican€Corn€Growers€et.€al.€vs.€EPAóó€have€on€the€timing€and€scope€of€the€NOx€andÐ  p ÐPM€analyses€and€control€strategy€development€for€the€other€applicable€Class€I€areas€Under€309?Ð  \ ÐÌà  àThis€is€a€two„part€question.€€Part€1€was€originally€asked€prior€to€òòAmerican€Corn€Growersóó.€Ð ä4 ÐPart€2€gets€at€whether€or€not,€as€a€result€of€the€court€case,€EPA€believes€any€changes€might€be€inÐ Ð  Ðstore€that€would€affect€the€timing€and/or€scope€of€the€NOx€and€PM€analysis€for€the€other€Class€IÐ ¼  Ðareas€under€309(g),€apart€from€the€approach€EPA€is€contemplating€for€timing€of€308€SIPs.Ð ¨ø ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ €Ð ÐÌà  àEPA€concurs€that€under€section€309(g)€of€the€current€regional€haze€rule,€states€have€untilÐ X ¨ ÐDecember€31,€2008,€to€address€additional€Class€I€areas.€€EPA€notes€that€in€the€òòAmerican€CornÐ D!” ÐGrowersóó€case,€however,€the€court€expressed€concerns€that€the€regional€haze€rule€did€not€strictlyÐ 0"€  Ðadhere€to€the€schedule€identified€in€the€Transportation€Equity€Act€for€the€21st€century€(TEA„21).€Ð #l! ÐThus,€there€may€be€no€definitive€answer€to€this€question€until€EPA€fully€addresses€the€court'sÐ $X" Ðremand€on€this€issue.Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àAnother€factor€related€to€this€issue€is€that€EPA€is€seeking€a€legislative€adjustment€to€theÐ Ì&"% ÐTEA„21€schedule.€€EPA's€current€recommendation,€which€has€been€forwarded€to€the€DepartmentÐ ¸'#& Ðof€Transportation€for€inclusion€in€legislation,€would€create€a€single€due€date€of€December€2007Ð ¤(ô#' Ðfor€all€regional€haze€SIPs€except€for€those€under€section€309.€€This€change€would€harmonize€theÐ )à$( Ðschedule€for€regional€haze€SIPs€with€those€addressing€PM2.5.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌÌÌÐ ,.|)- Ї5.€€òòENFORCEABILITY€OF€SIP/TIP€COMPONENTSóó€Ð ° ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ ˆØ ÐÌà  àThe€regional€haze€regulations€require€that€emissions€limitations€and€control€measuresÐ `° Ðmust€be€enforceable€(see€page€35737),€while€reasonable€progress€goals€are€not€(see€pages€35733Ð L œ Ðand€35766).€€We€request€EPAððs€interpretation€regarding€whether€the€remaining€major€SIPÐ 8 ˆ Ðcomponents,€such€as€modeling€assumptions,€program€goals,€and€projected€inventories€areÐ $ t Ðenforceable€or€simply€must€be€approvable€as€part€of€the€plan.€€Such€components€are€necessary€toÐ  ` Ðmake€a€SIP€complete,€but€are€not€federally€enforceable€in€the€way€as€specific€control€measuresÐ ü L  Ðand€commitments€to€limit€emissions.€€This€is€a€clarifying€question.Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àAs€discussed€in€a€phone€conversation€between€Brian€Finneran€of€the€STIP€II€Work€GroupÐ À  Ðand€Steve€Body,€EPA€Region€10,€the€issue€is€at€what€point€do€the€technical€elements€of€the€SIPÐ ¬ü  Ðbecome€ð ðfixed€in€timeðð€(i.e.,€cannot€be€changed€by€updates€to€inventories€or€additional€modelingÐ ˜è  Ðruns€based€on€new€information€or€data)?€€Evidently,€this€question€stems€from€the€fact€that€theÐ „Ô  Ðtechnical€information€supporting€the€regulations€and€programs€adopted€by€the€State€will€continueÐ pÀ Ðto€be€in€flux€as€technology€improves.Ð \¬ ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ 4„ ÐÌà  àTechnical€SIP€elements€such€as€emission€inventory€and€modeling€demonstrations€areÐ  \ Ðrequired€to€support€the€programs€and€regulations€the€state€adopts€to€improve€visibility.€€TheseÐ øH Ðtechnical€elements€are€not€ð ðfederally€enforceable,ðð€meaning€EPA€will€not€take€an€enforcementÐ ä4 Ðaction€based€on€a€technical€element.€€However,€the€elements€are€submitted€with€the€SIP€toÐ Ð  Ðprovide€a€technical€rationale€for€the€programs€and€regulations,€and€are€approved€as€part€of€theÐ ¼  Ðapplicable€SIP.€€Once€the€SIP€is€approved,€they€become€the€technical€support€for€the€SIP,€and€areÐ ¨ø Ðused€to€understand€and€justify€the€regulatory€decisions€contained€in€the€SIP.€€EPA€will€makeÐ ”ä Ðdecisions€on€the€technical€adequacy€of€the€SIP€based€on€EPAððs€guidance€during€the€period€of€SIPÐ €Ð Ðdevelopment.€€States€should€address€new€EPA€guidance€in€the€SIP€revisions€due€every€five€years.€Ð l¼ ÐÌÌ6.€€òòDEMONSTRATIONS€OF€INTERSTATE€IMPACTSóó€òò€Ð 0"€  ÐÌWRAP€Question:Ð $X" ÐóóÌà  àWhat€kind€of€showing€of€interstate€impact€to€mandatory€federal€Class€I€areas€in€anotherÐ à%0!$ Ðstate€is€needed€to€qualify€for€participation€in€a€regional€planning€group?€€For€example,€doesÐ Ì&"% ÐWashington€have€to€show€an€impact€on€South€Dakota€for€both€states€to€be€in€the€same€group,€orÐ ¸'#& Ðis€it€acceptable€if€Washington€impacts€Idaho,€which€impacts€Wyoming,€which€impacts€SouthÐ ¤(ô#' ÐDakota?€Ð )à$( ÐÌà  àWe€do€not€believe€that€each€state€in€a€regional€planning€group€should€have€to€demonstrateÐ h+¸&* Ða€direct€impact€on€every€other€state€in€the€group.€€Imposing€such€a€requirement€would€fragmentÐ T,¤'+ Ðeach€RPO€into€a€patchwork€of€interstate€regions,€with€some€states€belonging€to€more€than€oneÐ @-(, Ðregion,€and€would€unnecessarily€complicate€the€regional€planning€process.Ð ,.|)- ЇòòEPA€Response:óóÐ ° ÐÌà  àEPA€agrees€with€the€WRAPððs€interpretation€stated€above.€€Regional€planning€groups€doÐ ˆØ Ðnot€need€to€demonstrate€that€each€state€in€the€regional€planning€group€impacts€every€other€state.Ð tÄ ÐÌÌ7.€€òòPLAN€REVISION€DEADLINE€óóÐ 8 ˆ ÐòòÌóóòòWRAP€Question:Ð  ` ÐóóÌà  àUnder€section€309,€a€SIP€revision€is€due€within€one€year€of€a€plan€update€if€that€updateÐ è 8  Ðshows€that€the€state€is€making€inadequate€progress€and€the€problem€is€caused€by€sources€withinÐ Ô$  Ðthat€state.€€However,€if€the€problem€is€caused€by€sources€in€another€state,€no€deadline€for€the€SIPÐ À  Ðrevision€is€indicated€under€section€309.€€In€such€cases,€does€EPA€concur€that€the€deadline€forÐ ¬ü  Ðboth€the€contributing€state€and€the€receiving€state€to€submit€a€SIP€revision€will€be€the€due€date€ofÐ ˜è  Ðeach€stateððs€next€periodic€revision€(i.e.,€5€years)?Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àIf€EPA€does€not€concur,€this€issue,€though€important€may€not€need€to€be€addressedÐ \¬ Ðimmediately.Ð H˜ ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ  p ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€of€emissions€from€sources€in€another€state(s),€we€concur€that€the€SIP€revisionÐ øH Ðwould€be€due€òòóóat€the€time€of€the€next€5„year€progress€report.Ð ä4 ÐÌÌ8.€€òòIMPLEMENTATION€OF€BART€ON€TRIBAL€LANDSóó€Ð ¨ø ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ €Ð ÐÌà  àIn€their€assessment€of€reasonable€progress,€states€and€tribes€in€the€region€will€need€toÐ X ¨ Ðknow€what€emission€reductions€to€expect€from€other€states€and€tribes.€€Due€to€the€small€numberÐ D!” Ðof€BART€eligible€sources€on€tribal€lands€(less€than€5?),€the€magnitude€of€their€emissionÐ 0"€  Ðreductions€should€probably€not€be€a€critical€factor€in€the€308/309€decision€process.€€For€BART„Ð #l! Ðeligible€sources€on€tribal€lands,€however,€will€EPA€issue€FIPs€if€a€tribe€does€not€develop€a€TIP,Ð $X" Ðand,€if€so,€what€schedule€will€EPA€follow€relative€to€the€required€schedule€for€SIPs?Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àOf€particular€interest€to€tribes,€who€need€to€know€what€process€EPA€will€initiate€if€a€FIPÐ Ì&"% Ðis€being€considered,€what€avenues€of€consultation€with€the€affected€tribe€will€be€utilized,€andÐ ¸'#& Ðwhat€prior€efforts€will€EPA€make€prior€to€deciding€to€develop€a€FIP?Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ |*Ì%) ÐÌà  àEPA€believes€it€would€be€appropriate€for€the€Agency€to€develop€a€FederalÐ T,¤'+ ÐImplementation€Plan€(FIP)€for€tribes€wishing€to€opt€into€309,€but€not€choosing€to€adopt€a€TIP.€Ð @-(, ÐWe€have€discussed€this€issue€with€tribes€that€have€major€stationary€sources€of€SO2,€but€have€notÐ ,.|)- Ðyet€been€informed€whether€they€are€interested€in€having€EPA€do€a€FIP.€€We€will€continue€ourÐ ° Ðdiscussions€with€the€tribes€to€see€whether€this€is€an€option€that€they€want€to€pursue.€€As€tribes€areÐ œì Ðnot€subject€to€SIP€submittal€deadlines,€EPA€does€not€believe€that€development€of€any€FIPs€mustÐ ˆØ Ðfollow€such€deadlines.€€If€necessary,€we€will€develop€a€FIP€schedule€in€consultation€with€theÐ tÄ Ðaffected€tribes.Ð `° ÐÌÌ9.€€òòADDRESSING€EMISSIONS€FROM€OTHER€COUNTRIESóó€Ð $ t ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ ü L  ÐÌà  àHow€does€the€federal€government€intend€to€work€with€other€countries€to€address€andÐ Ô$  Ðaccount€for€visibility€impairment€caused€by€their€emissions,€most€notably€Canada€and€Mexico?€Ð À  ÐIn€evaluating€state€compliance€with€the€regional€haze€rule,€does€EPA€expect€to€work€with€statesÐ ¬ü  Ðand€tribes€to€evaluate€the€impact€of€international€emissions?€€Are€there€other€ways€in€which€EPAÐ ˜è  Ðmay€help€in€this€area?€€We€recognize€that€through€a€grant€to€the€Western€Governorððs€Association,Ð „Ô  ÐEPA€is€already€providing€much€needed€support€for€the€development€of€Mexican€emissionÐ pÀ Ðinventories,€and€the€WRAP€is€utilizing€these€inventories€in€its€modeling.€Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àOf€particular€interest€to€tribes,€who€need€to€know€the€specific€ways€EPA€expects€to€workÐ 4„ Ðwith€tribes,€with€examples.€€Ð  p ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óó€Ð øH ÐÌà  àEPA€is€involved€in€a€number€of€international€activities€and€funding€of€projects€related€toÐ Ð  Ðimproving€air€quality€at€our€borders€with€Canada€and€Mexico.€€In€these€country€to€countryÐ ¼  Ðnegotiations,€our€involvement€with€states€and€tribes€is€more€likely€through€joint€participation€inÐ ¨ø Ðvarious€international€forums.€€We€currently€have€no€specific€plans€to€work€directly€with€states€orÐ ”ä Ðtribes€to€evaluate€the€impact€of€international€emissions.€€The€following€is€a€description€of€someÐ €Ð Ðof€our€international€activities€in€the€border€areas.Ð l¼ ÐÌò òà  àòòMexico:ó óóó€€Under€the€La€Paz€Agreement,€EPA€has€the€authority€to€work€directly€withÐ D!” ÐMexican€environmental€authorities€on€issues€of€mutual€interest€including€air€quality,€which€is€anÐ 0"€  Ðimportant€topic€of€ongoing€cooperation€and€discussion.€€The€new€Border€2012€program€hasÐ #l! Ðspecific€goals€outlined€to€improve€air€quality,€but€does€not€emphasize€visibility€as€a€goal.€Ð $X" ÐVisibility€issues€are€a€continuing€challenge€given€the€current€emphasis€of€the€Mexico€air€programÐ ô$D # Ðon€criteria€pollutants.€€Achieving€cooperation€on€criteria€pollutants€may€indicate€a€futureÐ à%0!$ Ðopportunity€to€work€with€Mexico€on€visibility€issues.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àIn€terms€of€specific€examples,€EPA€is€working€to€develop€better€technical€tools€andÐ ¤(ô#' Ðsupporting€forums€to€help€address€the€impacts€of€emissions€from€Mexico.€€The€BRAVO€StudyÐ )à$( Ðincluded€perhaps€the€best€emissions€inventory€of€Mexico€which€has€been€shared€with€the€WRAP.€Ð |*Ì%) ÐIn€addition,€the€BRAVO€study's€REMSAD€modeling€platform€is€available€for€those€who€wish€toÐ h+¸&* Ðuse€it€to€estimate€air€pollutant€transport€across€the€border.€€Further,€CENRAP€is€having€anÐ T,¤'+ ÐInternational€Forum€on€Regional€Haze€in€El€Paso,€Texas,€in€March€of€2003.Ð @-(, ÐÐ ,.|)- Ðò òà  àòòCanada:óó€€ó óUnder€the€US€„€Canada€Air€Quality€Agreement,€there€are€provisions€addressingÐ ° Ðvisibility.€€Article€IV€and€Annex€I€of€the€agreement€requires€that€Canada€ð ðdevelop€and€implementÐ  ð Ðmeans€affording€levels€of€prevention€of€significant€air€quality€deterioration€and€protection€ofÐ ŒÜ Ðvisibility€comparable€to€those€[required€of€the€U.S.],€with€respect€to€sources€that€could€causeÐ xÈ Ðsignificant€transboundary€air€pollution.ðð€€The€Agreement€requires€Canada€to€report€bi„annuallyÐ d´ Ðon€its€progress€in€implementing€its€Annex€I€requirements.€€The€2002€Progress€Report€(availableÐ P   Ðat€http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/usca/airus02.pdf€)€contains€the€most€recent€description€ofÐ < Œ Ðprogress.€€Further,€Article€XI€allows€for€consultations€on€any€matter€within€the€scope€of€theÐ ( x Ðagreement,€including€transboundary€air€pollution€and€relevant€sources€affecting€visibility.€Ð  d ÐFinally,€the€US€and€Canada€are€currently€engaged€in€joint€US/Canada€modeling€and€data€analysisÐ  P  Ðconcerning€PM2.5.€€This€effort€is€national€in€scope,€covering€the€entire€US/Canada€border,€andÐ ì <  Ðthe€results€should€be€relevant€for€regional€haze€impact€assessment€and€planning.€Ð Ø(  ÐÌÌ10.€€€òòTRIBAL€ASSISTANCE€óóÐ œì  ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ tÄ ÐÌà  àMost€tribes€do€not€have€the€resources€to€do€their€own€analyses€regarding€the€identificationÐ Lœ Ðand€quantification€of€control€measures€for€regional€haze€TIPs.€What€assistance€can€EPA€provideÐ 8ˆ Ðto€individual€tribes?€€What€mechanisms€(e.g.,€direct€assistance,€section€103€grants,€contractualÐ $t Ðassistance,€grants€to€inter„tribal€consortia)€does€EPA€plan€to€utilize€for€these€purposes?Ð ` ÐÌà  àOf€particular€interest€to€tribes,€who€are€looking€for€more€assurance€that€the€commitmentÐ è8 Ðof€EPA€assistance€is€real.€€Tribes€are€looking€for€such€commitments€in€a€plan€to€provide€adequateÐ Ô$ Ðtime€and€resources€to€help€consortia€or€individual€tribes€who€need€it,€not€just€general€promises.Ð À ÐExamples€might€include€a€block€of€(EPA)€FTE€for€direct€consultation,€the€availability€of€103Ð ¬ü Ðgrants€for€adequate€personnel€and€training,€assistance€with€writing€RFPs,€and€evaluating€andÐ ˜è Ðmanaging€contracts.Ð „Ô ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ \ ¬ ÐÌà  àProviding€adequate€support€for€tribes€is€a€difficult€challenge€for€EPA€in€all€areas€of€airÐ 4"„  Ðprogram€development,€including€the€regional€haze€program.€€EPA€understands€its€obligations€toÐ  #p! Ðassist€tribes€with€their€regional€haze€TIPs,€and€plans€to€provide€the€necessary€technical€and€policyÐ  $\" Ðassistance.€€Within€the€WRAP,€there€is€an€effort€to€develop€a€model€TIP€in€addition€to€a€modelÐ ø$H # ÐSIP,€so€tribes€will€have€a€model€to€follow€that€is€specifically€designed€for€them.€€In€addition,€asÐ ä%4!$ Ðwe€mentioned€above,€we€are€also€prepared€to€develop€a€FIP€for€tribes€who€do€not€have€a€TIP.€Ð Ð& "% ÐWith€regard€to€funding,€EPA€is€unaware€of€any€forthcoming€increase€in€tribal€air€grant€dollars.€Ð ¼' #& ÐRegional€haze€work€by€tribes€and€inter„tribal€consortia€continues€to€be€an€eligible€activity€underÐ ¨(ø#' ÐEPA€air€grants.€€€€Ð ”)ä$( ÐÌÌÌÌÐ 0.€)- Ð11.€€òòEVALUATION€OF€LEVEL€OF€REPRESENTATION€OF€TRIBAL€INTERESTS€ON€RPOs;Ð ° Ðà  àCONSIDERATION€OF€VISIBILITY€IMPACT€ON€TRIBAL€LANDS€óóÐ œì ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ tÄ ÐÌà  àGiven€that€the€regional€haze€rule€does€not€apply€to€non„mandatory€(state€or€triballyÐ L œ Ðdesignated)€Class€I€areas,€EPA€committed€in€the€rule€preamble€to€ensure€tribal€interests€wereÐ 8 ˆ Ðrepresented€in€regional€planning€organizations,€and€in€particular€to€encourage€consideration€ofÐ $ t Ðvisibility€impacts€to€tribal€locations€(64€Fed.€Reg.€35759).€€We€would€appreciate€receiving€EPAððsÐ  ` Ðevaluation€of€whether€such€consideration€is€effectively€happening.Ð ü L  Ðò òÌó óà0  àOf€particular€interest€to€tribes.€When€and€how€will€this€evaluation€take€place?ÐÔ$ (#(# ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ ¬ü  ÐÌà  àEPA€has€worked€diligently€with€the€Regional€Planning€Organizations€(RPOs)€to€ensureÐ „Ô  Ðthat€tribal€members€and€representatives€interested€in€air€quality€issues€are€included€in€theÐ pÀ Ðdevelopment€and€operation€of€these€organizations.€€In€general,€we€believe€the€RPOs€have€beenÐ \¬ Ðsuccessful€in€their€efforts€to€include€the€tribes.€€All€five€RPOs€have€solicited€federally€recognizedÐ H˜ Ðtribes€in€their€areas€to€join,€and€have€achieved€various€levels€of€tribal€participation.€€The€WRAPÐ 4„ Ðhas€been€particularly€successful€in€reaching€out€to€western€tribes€and€sustaining€tribalÐ  p Ðmembership.€€Western€tribes€have€received€exceptional€support€from€the€National€TribalÐ  \ ÐEnvironmental€Council€which€is€funded€by€EPA.Ð øH ÐÌà  àEPA€encourages€the€tribes€as€members€of€the€WRAP€to€request€a€review€of€the€modelingÐ Ð  Ðresults€for€visual€impairment€and€impacts€of€control€strategies€on€visibility€in€non„mandatoryÐ ¼  ÐClass€I€areas.€€The€modeling€results€would€show€two„dimensional€plots€of€baseline€ozoneÐ ¨ø Ðconcentrations€and€light€extinction€for€those€areas€included€in€the€modelððs€36€km€grid€system.€Ð ”ä ÐThe€qualitative€light€extinction€results€would€effectively€show€the€impact€of€source€emissions€onÐ €Ð Ðvisibility€within€the€modeling€domain€including€the€state€or€tribal€non„mandatory€Class€I€areas.€Ð l¼ ÐModeling€results€currently€show€impacts€and€control€strategy€improvements€at€IMPROVE€sites.€Ð X ¨ ÐWe€expect€consideration€of€visibility€impacts€on€tribal€and€other€non„mandatory€Class€I€areasÐ D!” Ðwill€continue€as€modeling€efforts€switch€from€an€emphasis€on€results€for€Section€309€SIPs€toÐ 0"€  ÐSection€308€SIPs.€Ð #l! ÐÌò òÌGROUP€3:€Other€questions€needing€a€response,€but€to€be€discussed€in€draft€form€with€EPAÐ à%0!$ Ðó óÌ12.€€òò308€STATES€AND€TRIBES€OPTING€INTO€A€309€MARKET€TRADING€PROGRAMóó€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ )à$( ÐÌà  àCan€states€and€tribes€submitting€plans€under€308,€including€those€in€the€transport€regionÐ h+¸&* Ðwhich€elect€not€to€implement€309,€opt€into€the€SO2€market€trading€program€via€their€first€SIPsÐ T,¤'+ Ðand€TIPs€under€Section€308?€€(We€understand€that€actual€emission€trading€for€sources€in€thoseÐ @-(, Ðstates€and€tribes€could€not€commence€until€such€SIPs€were€approved).Ð ,.|)- Їà  àEPA€has€addressed€a€similar€question€in€a€July€letter€to€the€IOC,€stating€there€are€no€legalÐ ° Ðor€regulatory€barriers€to€expanding€the€(Annex€backstop€trading)€program,€assuming€the€technicalÐ œì Ðwork€supports€such€a€plan.€€€There€is€still€the€issue€of€distinctions,€if€any€between€a€full€marketÐ ˆØ Ðtrading€system€and€the€backstop€approach€used€under€309.Ð tÄ ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ L œ ÐÌà  àFor€States€included€in€the€transport€region,€opting€into€a€market€trading€program€laterÐ $ t Ðunder€section€308€would€require€a€substantial€amount€of€new€technical€analysis,€including€anÐ  ` Ðupdated€modeling€demonstration€and€revisiting€the€control€technology€assumptions.€€States€andÐ ü L  Ðtribes€submitting€plans€in€2007€or€2008€would€not€be€able€to€rely€on€technical€analysis€conductedÐ è 8  Ðin€1999€and€2000.€€In€addition,€technical€analyses€would€be€needed€to€address€impacts€inÐ Ô$  Ðadditional€Class€I€areas€beyond€the€16€Class€I€areas€addressed€by€section€309.€€Similar€technicalÐ À  Ðanalyses€would€be€needed€for€states€not€included€in€the€transport€region.€€One€key€question€to€beÐ ¬ü  Ðaddressed€for€such€states€would€be€the€degree€to€which€extending€the€regional€area€affects€theÐ ˜è  Ðpredicted€pattern€of€emissions€reductions.€€For€example,€if€a€state€was€added€which€had€manyÐ „Ô  Ðtons€of€low„cost€reductions,€this€geographic€shift€in€emission€reductions€may€affect€the€initialÐ pÀ Ðtrading€program's€ability€to€achieve€"greater€reasonable€progress"€in€the€initial€16€Class€I€areas.€€Ð \¬ ÐÌÌ13.€€òòALLOCATION€OF€EMISSION€REDUCTIONS€AMONG€STATES€AND€TRIBES€FORÐ  p Ðà  àRFPÐ  \ ÐóóÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ ä4 ÐÌà  àThe€regional€haze€regulations€require€states€to€determine€their€share€of€emissionÐ ¼  Ðreductions€needed€to€achieve€reasonable€progress€goals€for€the€Class€I€areas€impacted€by€theirÐ ¨ø Ðemissions.€€We€urge€EPA€to€work€with€STAPPA,€WESTAR,€and€other€interested€state€and€tribalÐ ”ä Ðentities€to€determine€how€to€interpret€and€implement€this€requirement.Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àThis€work€will€be€done€by€the€WRAP€for€the€308€plans.Ð X ¨ ЀÌòòEPA€Response:Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àóóEPA€will€continue€to€engage€in€planning€discussions€and€review€the€technical€workÐ $X" Ðrelated€to€determining€shares€of€emission€reductions€under€this€requirement€of€section€308.€Ð ô$D # ÐÌÌ14.€€òòNUMBER€OF€SEPARATE€SIPs€NEEDED€FOR€CLASS€I€AREAS€OUTSIDE€STATE€òòÐ ¸'#& ÐÌóóWRAP€Question:óóÐ )à$( ÐÌà  àIt€is€our€understanding€that€a€state€may€submit€one€implementation€plan€for€all€Class€IÐ h+¸&* Ðareas€outside€the€state€and€impacted€by€the€state€(rather€than€separate€plans€for€each€affectedÐ T,¤'+ Ðarea).€€Does€EPA€concur?ðð€Ð @-(, ÐÐ ,.|)- Ðà  àThe€rest€of€this€question€asserts€that€submittal€deadlines€are€those€of€the€submitting€state,Ð ° Ðrather€than€any€other€state€affected€by€emissions€from€the€submitting€state.Ð œì ÐÌòòEPA€Response:óóÐ tÄ ÐÌà  àWe€concur€on€the€WRAPððs€interpretation€of€both€questions.òòÐ L œ ÐóóÌÌ15.€€òòPOSSIBLE€APPROACHES€TO€BART€óóÐ  ` ÐÌòòWRAP€Question:óóÐ è 8  ÐÌà  àWe€understand€that,€in€light€of€the€recent€court€decision,€EPA€is€in€the€initial€phases€ofÐ À  Ðdeveloping€a€revision€to€the€BART€provisions€of€the€regional€haze€rule€and€that€EPA€estimates€aÐ ¬ü  Ðfinal€rule€revision€to€address€this€matter€is€perhaps€two€years€away.€€BART€is€an€importantÐ ˜è  Ðcomponent€of€308€SIPs,€and€states€that€are€beginning€to€develop€their€308€SIPs€are€interested€inÐ „Ô  Ðunderstanding€potential€options€before€the€rulemaking€is€completed.€€Is€there€some€way€that€EPAÐ pÀ Ðcan€share€its€current€thinking€on€this€issue€with€state€and€tribal€officials€from€the€WRAP?Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àWe€have€given€this€issue€some€thought€and€are€interested€in€EPAððs€perspective€on€theÐ 4„ Ðfollowing€possible€approaches:€Ð  p ÐÌà0  ài.€€State€applies€RH€BART€to€all€BART€eligible€sources€on€a€case„by„case€basis€(as€perÐ øH Ð308(e)(1)).Ðä4(#(# ÐÌà0  àii.€€State€(instead€of€EPA)€determines€that€all€BART€eligible€sources€need€BART€controlsм (#(# ÐÌà0  àiii.€€State€determines€the€amount€of€point€source€reductions€needed€to€achieve€theÐ ”ä Ðreasonable€progress€goal€and€makes€it€a€requirement€for€effected€sources.€€The€level€ofÐ €Ð Ðreduction€under€this€approach€may€be€different€(more€or€less)€than€what€would€beÐ l¼ Ðachieved€through€BART€at€the€BART€eligible€sources.€ÐX ¨(#(# ÐÌà0  àiv.€€State€opts€into€the€309„milestone€program€(assuming€this€is€an€option€ð!ð€see€questionÐ 0"€  Ð12,€above).Ð#l!(#(# ÐÌà0  àv.€€State€develops€a€milestone/€emissions€trading€program€of€itððs€own€(similar€to€the€309Ð ô$D # ÐBackstop€plan).Ðà%0!$(#(# ÐÌà  àOptions€iii€and€v€would€not€necessarily€be€ð ðbetter€than€BARTðð.€€Washington€believes€thatÐ ¸'#& Ðsince€the€court€vacated€ð ðgroup€BARTðð€there€is€no€longer€a€basis€for€holding€that€ð ðalternativesððÐ ¤(ô#' Ðmust€be€better€than€BART.€€Does€EPA€concur?€Ð )à$( ÐÌà  àIn€any€of€these€options,€Washington€believes€that€RA€BART€could€still€be€applicable€toÐ h+¸&* Ðaddress€hot€spots.€€Does€EPA€concur?Ð T,¤'+ ÐÌÐ ,.|)- ÐòòEPA€Response:óóÐ ° ÐÌà  àAs€we€stated€in€our€July€22,€2002,€letter€to€the€WRAP,€EPA€believes€that€the€courtÐ ˆØ Ðdecision€does€not€affect€the€requirements€of€51.308(e)(2)€of€the€rule.€€The€court's€vacature€of€theÐ tÄ Ð"group€BART"€approach€does€not€change€the€requirement€that€any€alternative€measures€adoptedÐ `° Ðin€lieu€of€BART€must€achieve€"greater€reasonable€progress€than€BART."€€Hence,€the€approachÐ L œ Ðunder€items€iii€and€v€would€be€deficient€if€they€did€not€achieve€greater€reasonable€progress€thanÐ 8 ˆ ÐBART.Ð $ t ÐÌà  àUnder€approach€(iv),€the€state€would€need€to€fully€address€the€requirement€for€reasonableÐ ü L  Ðprogress€goals€(including€the€60„year€"glide€path"€analysis).€€Each€state€opting€in€must€ensureÐ è 8  Ðthat€it€achieves€results€that€are€better€than€BART.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àRA€BART€is€still€applicable€until€full€implementation€of€BART€under€the€regional€hazeÐ ¬ü  Ðrule€or€the€implementation€of€an€alternative€to€BART€under€51.308(e)(2).€€Washington€is€correctÐ ˜è  Ðthat€during€this€time€RA€BART€still€applies€to€hot€spots.